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	The National Capital District comprises a rocky coastal strip and an inland plain divided by a steep ridge, which falls steeply to the sea. The landscape of the inland plain is dominated by a series of parallel ridges separated by broad, flat or gently undulating valleys. The ridges rise to about 200m above sea level. To the north and east of the ridges are lower and merge into the flat Waigani swamp and the Laloki River flood plain.
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	The population of the nation's commercial centre, NCD has grown from about 4,000 in 1946, to 123,624 in 1980, 195,570 in 1990 and to 254,158 in 2000. NCD population in 2000 constitutes 4.9% (5.2% in 1990, 4.1% in 1980 and 3.6% average since 1980) of the overall population of the country and ranks 9th, one level up from 1990. During the period 1980-1990 NCD experienced a very high population growth rate of 4.6% pa since independence, this was the highest ever experienced by the country then. NCD had a population growth rate of 2.6% between 1990 and 2000 while highest of 5.4% was from the Southern Highlands province.
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	People settling in Port Moresby in the early days were rarely able to grow enough food because of low rainfall and poor soil. Consequently they relied heavily on trade activities. From August until December each year, fleets called Hiri sailed from the Motuan villages in the NCD & Central Provinces and were carried by southeast trade winds villages along the coast to the Gulf of Papua.
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Updated up to 5 February 2007

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